Rhagades, also known as rhagades fissures or angular cheilitis, are painful cracks or splits that develop in the corners of the mouth. These fissures typically occur bilaterally, affecting both sides of the mouth. Rhagades can be caused by a variety of factors, including:
Moisture and irritation: Excessive moisture from saliva, lip licking, or drooling can soften the skin around the mouth, making it more prone to cracking. This can be exacerbated by factors such as cold weather, wind exposure, or mouth breathing.
Nutritional deficiencies: A lack of certain nutrients, such as vitamin B2 (riboflavin), vitamin B3 (niacin), vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), and iron, can contribute to the development of rhagades.
Infections: Fungal or bacterial infections, such as candidiasis or impetigo, can cause inflammation and cracking in the corners of the mouth.
Allergies or irritants: Contact with certain allergens or irritants, such as certain cosmetic products, dental appliances, or acidic foods, can trigger or worsen rhagades in susceptible individuals.
Poor oral hygiene: Inadequate oral hygiene practices, including infrequent brushing or flossing, can lead to the accumulation of bacteria or fungi in the mouth, increasing the risk of developing rhagades.
The symptoms of rhagadesrhagades may include pain, redness, swelling, and dryness in the corners of the mouth. In some cases, the cracks can become inflamed or infected, leading to crusting, oozing, or bleeding.
Treatment for rhagades focuses on addressing the underlying cause and promoting healing. This may involve:
- Keeping the affected area clean and dry.
- Applying a protective barrier ointment, such as petroleum jelly or zinc oxide, to moisturize and protect the skin.
- Avoiding irritants, such as citrus fruits or spicy foods, that can exacerbate symptoms.
- Managing nutritional deficiencies through a balanced diet or supplementation.
- Treating any underlying infections with appropriate antifungal or antibacterial medications.
- Improving oral hygiene practices, including regular brushing, flossing, and using an antiseptic mouthwash.
If rhagades persist or worsen despite self-care measures,you should consult a health care professional for further evaluation and treatment.